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So, What Is a School Counselor?

Susan Rose • September 23, 2024

A school counselor is far more than just someone students go to when they need help with scheduling or career advice. Over the years, the role of a school counselor has evolved into one of the most integral parts of a student’s support system. School counselors are trained professionals who guide students academically, support their emotional well-being, and prepare them for life after school, whether that means entering the workforce, pursuing higher education, or another path.


But to truly understand what a school counselor is, it’s important to look at the different facets of their role and the impact they have on both individual students and the school environment as a whole.


The Comprehensive Role of a School Counselor


School counselors operate in three main areas: academic support, mental health and emotional well-being, and career and college readiness.


1. Academic Support

One of the primary roles of a school counselor is to help students achieve academic success. This means more than just assisting with class scheduling or graduation requirements. School counselors work with students to develop study habits, manage time effectively, and set realistic academic goals. They help students identify their strengths and areas for improvement, providing personalized support to ensure students stay on track.


School counselors also serve as advocates for students, ensuring that they have access to resources and opportunities that meet their needs. Whether it's coordinating with teachers for special education services or working with parents to create individualized academic plans, counselors are deeply involved in making sure every student has the tools to succeed.


2. Mental Health and Emotional Well-Being

The emotional and mental health needs of students have become more apparent over time, and school counselors are at the forefront of addressing these concerns. Counselors provide a safe and confidential space where students can talk about issues they may be facing, including anxiety, depression, stress, family challenges, bullying, and social pressures.


In many cases, school counselors are the first point of contact for students experiencing mental health struggles. They are trained to offer short-term counseling and crisis intervention, but they also work with outside mental health professionals when necessary, providing referrals to therapists or psychologists if students need long-term support.


Counselors play a vital role in fostering a positive school climate. They lead initiatives on bullying prevention, mental health awareness, and stress management, creating an environment where students feel safe and supported.


3. Career and College Readiness

Preparing students for life after school is one of the key responsibilities of a school counselor. This involves more than just helping students apply to college. Counselors work closely with students to explore different career paths, understand the educational requirements for various professions, and prepare for the transition from school to the workforce or higher education.


School counselors offer college and career assessments, help with resumes and job applications, and assist students in identifying internships or job shadowing opportunities. For students planning to attend college, counselors guide them through the application process, help with financial aid and scholarships, and provide personalized advice based on their academic interests and goals.


Whether a student is planning to attend a four-year university, enter a trade school, or go directly into a career, the school counselor provides the guidance and resources needed to make informed decisions.


The Advocate, Leader, and Collaborator


School counselors are not just resources for students; they are also leaders and advocates within the school. They collaborate with teachers, administrators, parents, and other professionals to ensure the school environment is one that supports all students. Whether it’s advocating for a student’s need for accommodations or working with school staff to implement mental health initiatives, counselors act as liaisons between students and the broader school community.


Counselors lead initiatives that address important issues like equity, access, and inclusion. They are responsible for ensuring that every student, regardless of background or circumstances, has the opportunity to succeed academically and personally. Counselors also work on a systems level to address barriers to learning, such as socioeconomic challenges, family instability, and language barriers, helping students overcome obstacles that might impede their success.


The ASCA National Model: Guiding School Counselors


School counselors operate under the ASCA (American School Counselor Association) National Model, which provides a framework for creating a comprehensive school counseling program. This model emphasizes the counselor’s role in promoting academic, career, and social-emotional development, as well as fostering a supportive and equitable school environment.


The ASCA National Model outlines how school counselors can be most effective by focusing on three domains:

  • Academic Development: Helping students achieve their full academic potential and ensuring they are prepared for post-secondary education or career opportunities.
  • Career Development: Supporting students in exploring career options and planning for their futures beyond school.
  • Social-Emotional Development: Assisting students in developing the interpersonal skills, emotional regulation, and coping strategies they need for success in school and life.

What a School Counselor is Not


While school counselors are multifaceted professionals, their role is often misunderstood. School counselors are not:

  • Disciplinarians: Counselors are not involved in disciplining students. Their role is to support students emotionally and academically, not to enforce rules or impose punishments.
  • Test Administrators: While counselors may assist with coordinating standardized tests, their primary role is not to administer or focus on testing logistics.
  • Administrative Assistants: Counselors should not be burdened with tasks like data entry, scheduling, or registrar duties, as this takes them away from their critical responsibilities of supporting students’ mental health, academic success, and future planning.

The Impact of a School Counselor


So, what is a school counselor? At the core, a school counselor is an advocate for students, a leader in creating a positive school environment, and a professional dedicated to supporting students’ academic, emotional, and career growth.


The impact of a counselor is often long-lasting, as they help shape the educational journey of each student they work with. By addressing academic challenges, supporting emotional well-being, and helping students navigate their post-school pathways, school counselors play a central role in ensuring student success.


In essence, a school counselor is a guide — someone who helps students not only survive school but thrive in it and beyond. By offering support in so many vital areas of a student’s life, they are a cornerstone of the school’s ability to meet the needs of every student.

A woman in a blue jacket and white shirt is smiling for the camera.

I am a school counselor turned counselor educator, professor, and author helping educators and parents to build social, emotional, and academic growth in ALL kids! The school counseling blog  delivers both advocacy as well as strategies to help you deliver your best school counseling program.

A man and a woman are holding hands while walking in the woods.

I'm a mother, grandmother, professor, author, and wife (I'll always be his). Until October 20, 2020, I lived with my husband, Robert (Bob) Rose, in Louisville, Ky. On that awful day of October 20,2020, my life profoundly changed, when this amazing man went on to Heaven. After Bob moved to Heaven, I embraced my love of writing as an outlet for grief. Hence, the Grief Blog is my attempt to share what I learned as a Counselor in education with what I am learning through this experience of walking this earth without him. My mission is to help those in grief move forward to see joy beyond this most painful time. 

A quote by chloe frayne with two hearts in the sand
By Susan Rose February 18, 2025
We don’t expect people to “move on” when something wonderful happens, so it baffles me that we expect them to move on when something terrible happens. When Bob came into my life, no one ever said, “You’re celebrating another anniversary. You need to get over that. You need to move on.” Similarly, when we sent out invitations to our children’s birthday parties, no one responded, “Another birthday! You need to move on.” Yet, when grief enters the picture, there seems to be an unspoken societal timeline, as though love and loss have an expiration date. Life Goes On, But Love Stays Life does go on, and we move forward, but moving on implies leaving something behind—as if grief were a mistake we learn from and then discard. Loving Bob was not a mistake. It was the greatest blessing of my life, and I’d choose him every time. My love for him didn’t vanish when his address changed to Heaven. It’s as present now as it was when he was by my side. Love is eternal, and so is its impact on our lives. The Fallacy of “Moving On” The idea of “moving on” after a loss diminishes the depth of our connections. It suggests that relationships—those we treasure most—can be packed away like old clothes, as though their value diminishes over time. But love isn’t something we outgrow. Instead, it becomes a part of us. It shapes who we are, influences how we live, and continues to grow even in the absence of the person we lost. When I think of Bob, I don’t dwell solely on his absence. I think of the joy, laughter, and shared experiences that enriched my life. I carry those memories with me, and they continue to guide and inspire me. Love isn’t bound by time or space. It transcends earthly limits, connecting us in ways that are both profound and unexplainable. The Blessing of Eternal Love Scripture reminds us of love’s permanence. In Romans 8:38-39, Paul writes: “For I am convinced that neither death nor life, neither angels nor demons, neither the present nor the future, nor any powers, neither height nor depth, nor anything else in all creation, will be able to separate us from the love of God that is in Christ Jesus our Lord.” This truth offers immense comfort. If God’s love for us is unchanging and eternal, so too is the love we share with others. Bob’s physical presence may be absent, but the bond we created remains intact, woven into the fabric of my life and my faith. As I move forward, I do so with the knowledge that loving Bob was—and continues to be—one of the greatest joys of my life. I will never “move on” from that love, because it is not something to be left behind. Instead, I carry it with me, allowing it to shape my actions, decisions, and relationships. Redefining Grief Grief is not about letting go; it’s about holding on to what matters while finding a way to live fully in the present. It’s a process of integrating loss into life, of continuing to love and honor those we’ve lost while embracing the blessings that remain. Final Thoughts Love doesn’t end, and neither should the way we honor it. Moving forward means cherishing the love we’ve known and allowing it to guide us into the future. My love for Bob is not a chapter to close but a story that continues to unfold. And as I walk this journey, I do so with gratitude for the love that shaped me and the promise that it will one day reunite us in Heaven.
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If all you can do today is put one foot in front of the other and breathe , that 's enough.
By Susan Rose February 10, 2025
If all you can do this week is just to trudge through each day and put one foot in front of the other and breathe, that’s enough. This week can be difficult for those of us who lost our spouse. Valentine's Day is so focused on romantic love. It's perfectly okay to allow that some days are just like that, especially for those of us with an empty chair at the table and a hole in our hearts. This week, especially Friday, February 14, might be one of those days for you, and if it is, I want you to know that you’re not alone. Letting Go of Expectations Grief is heavy enough without adding the weight of others’ expectations—or your own. There is no rulebook for how you should feel or what you should accomplish on difficult days. It’s okay if all you do today is exist. Please don’t measure yourself against standards that don’t fit where you are right now. Your journey is yours alone, and surviving today is a victory worth celebrating. When the weight of grief feels unbearable, finding even the smallest joys can help you move forward. Whether it’s the warmth of a cup of coffee, the embrace of a loved one, or the sound of your favorite song, these little moments of light can make a big difference. Embrace what brings you comfort and lean on the support system you have. You Are Enough You are enough, exactly as you are today. The pain you’re carrying doesn’t diminish your worth or your strength. Surviving a difficult day requires courage, and even if it doesn’t feel like it, you’re showing that courage right now. Remember, healing isn’t linear, and some days just surviving is more than enough. The Power of Breathing Breathing might seem like the simplest act, but on hard days, it’s also one of the most profound. Taking a moment to focus on your breath—to inhale deeply and exhale slowly—can ground you in the present. It’s a small act of self-care, a reminder that you are alive and that each breath is a step toward healing. Remember that those relationships we cherish don’t end when life changes. Instead, we carry them with us. Their love and influence remain a part of us, shaping who we are and guiding us even in their absence. Final Thoughts This week with the anticipation of Valentine's Day and then the day itself may be difficult, but you’re doing enough. By simply taking one step at a time, you are showing incredible strength. Be kind to yourself and remember: you’re not alone in this journey. You are enough, and you’re doing the best you can. That is more than enough.
A quote that says people will never truly understand something until it happens to them
By Susan Rose February 3, 2025
This truth has become a mantra for me in this season of life. As we move into February, a month filled with the reminders of love and togetherness brought by Valentine’s Day, I’m reminded of this reality again and again. People honestly do try to understand, but they just can’t—and that’s okay. The Depth of Loss Before I lost my amazing husband and Daddy within ten months of each other, I thought I understood deep loss. I had seen others grieve, and I had offered my support, believing I was empathetic. I had grieved myself for my grandparents and others, but these were "in order" losses. We somehow don't even allow ourselves to think of losing our spouse. It's too painful! When it became my reality at what I consider a relatively young age - 56, I could never have fathomed the sheer weight of it—how it changes your world and reshapes every aspect of your life. This realization has helped me navigate interactions with others who try to offer comfort but sometimes miss the mark. Their words may not always land the way they intend, but I’ve learned to give grace. They mean well, even if their expressions of support come across as awkward or even hurt 
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A missing someone isn 't entirely a bad feeling it has a kind of bittersweet quality
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It’s so interesting how the beginning of our relationship and the ending are so similar. Bob sent me this card the year we were dating, while he was stationed on the USS Saipan in Arlington, VA, and I was “home” in Ashland, Kentucky. The words he wrote resonate deeply with me now, years later, as I reflect on the continuation of our love story. Relationships don’t end with the physical body. The bond we shared transcends time and space, and I know our love will endure until the day I join him in Heaven. The Eternal Connection Even though Bob is no longer physically here, I carry him with me every day. Our love didn’t cease to exist when his earthly journey ended. Instead, it has taken on a new form—one rooted in memory, faith, and the promise of eternity. Love like ours doesn’t fade; it becomes a part of who we are, woven into the fabric of our being. Every moment we shared, every challenge we faced, and every joy we celebrated together continue to shape me and guide me. The Card That Spoke Volumes That card he sent me when we were just beginning our journey together is a cherished keepsake. The words he wrote—filled with hope, love, and anticipation—echo the feelings I have now. Just as we longed to be together during our early days, I now find myself longing for the day we will be reunited in Heaven. The love we nurtured on earth was a glimpse of the eternal love we will share in God’s presence. Love Beyond Life Scripture reminds us that love is eternal. In 1 Corinthians 13:8, Paul writes, “Love never fails.” This profound truth gives me hope and comfort. Our relationship wasn’t just a chapter in my life; it was a part of God’s greater story. I believe that the love we shared was a reflection of His love for us—unending, unconditional, and eternal. Bob’s presence may be absent from this world, but his love continues to fill my heart and guide my steps. Gratitude for a Love Story I feel incredibly blessed to have experienced a love story like ours. So many people go through life without finding a connection as deep and meaningful. I’m grateful for every moment we had, from the laughter we shared to the challenges we overcame together. Those memories are a treasure trove of joy and strength that sustain me now. They remind me that our love was a gift—one I will carry with me until the day I see Bob again. The Promise of Reunion In John 14:2-3, Jesus offers a promise that fills me with hope: “My Father’s house has many rooms; if that were not so, would I have told you that I am going there to prepare a place for you? And if I go and prepare a place for you, I will come back and take you to be with me that you also may be where I am.” I believe this promise extends to our relationships as well. The love we share on earth is a glimpse of the glory and joy we will experience in Heaven. He's up there building my mansion in Heaven right not - with my Daddy, Grampsy, Ern and Jill and Granny supervising. I can just see it. Final Thoughts Our love story doesn’t have an ending. It’s a continuous thread that stretches from earth to eternity. I am comforted by the knowledge that Bob is waiting for me, and until that day comes, I will carry him in my heart. This journey of love and loss has deepened my faith and reminded me of the eternal nature of God’s love. I was so lucky to have this love story, and I am even luckier to know that it’s not over yet.
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A quote that says they 're happy in comfort and sitting higher than the angels
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In times of political change, such as an inauguration or the transition of leadership, students may experience heightened confusion, anxiety, or even conflict at home and in their communities. These feelings are understandable, especially when the conversations they hear from parents, peers, and the media are charged with conflicting viewpoints. As school counselors, you play a pivotal role in creating a safe space where students can process these changes, understand their feelings, and develop healthy strategies to cope with uncertainty. In this blog, we’ll explore practical ways school counselors can support students during periods of political transition, all while maintaining a neutral, fact-based approach that respects different perspectives. Understanding Student Concerns Political transitions can evoke a range of emotions in students: Confusion: With differing opinions at home and in the community, students may feel overwhelmed by the amount of conflicting information. Anxiety: The uncertainty that accompanies change can lead to feelings of worry about the future or about societal stability. Identity and Belonging: For some, political changes can prompt questions about their own beliefs or place within their community, especially if they are caught between divergent viewpoints. By acknowledging these feelings, counselors can validate student experiences and set the stage for constructive conversations. Creating a Safe and Neutral Space One of the most important roles of a school counselor during times of political change is to provide a nonpartisan environment where students feel heard and supported. Here are some strategies to consider: Establish Ground Rules for Dialogue: Encourage respectful conversation by setting clear expectations for discussion. Remind students that the counseling space is a place for open expression without judgment or political persuasion. Listen Actively: Practice active listening to help students articulate their concerns. This validates their feelings and helps them understand that it’s okay to have mixed emotions during uncertain times. Neutral Information Sharing: When students ask questions about political events, focus on sharing verifiable, factual information. You can help them understand the process behind political transitions without endorsing any particular viewpoint. Helping Students Navigate Conflicting Messages Students often receive mixed messages from their families and communities during political transitions. Counselors can help students process these messages by: Encouraging Critical Thinking: Guide students in evaluating the information they receive. Encourage them to ask questions like: “What are the sources of this information?” or “What evidence supports this perspective?” This approach helps them build skills in discerning fact from opinion. Discussing Emotions and Reactions: Facilitate sessions where students can explore their emotional responses to conflicting views. Discussing these reactions can help students manage stress and reduce feelings of isolation. Role-Playing Scenarios: Use role-playing exercises to simulate respectful dialogue. This can empower students to express their views and practice empathy, even when discussing sensitive topics. Fostering Emotional Resilience Emotional resilience is key to helping students navigate the sometimes turbulent landscape of political change. Consider the following approaches: Mindfulness and Stress-Relief Techniques: Incorporate mindfulness exercises, deep breathing, or guided meditation into your sessions. These practices can help students manage anxiety and maintain a sense of calm during stressful times. Support Groups: Create small groups where students can share their experiences and coping strategies in a moderated, supportive setting. These groups foster community and allow students to learn from one another’s perspectives. Individual Counseling: For students who experience significant distress, individualized counseling can provide tailored strategies to manage their emotions and build resilience in a challenging environment. Final Thoughts Political transitions such as inaugurations and changes in leadership are a natural part of our civic life, yet they can create a challenging environment for students navigating conflicting messages from their families and communities. As school counselors, your role in providing a safe, neutral, and supportive space is invaluable. By encouraging critical thinking, fostering respectful dialogue, and promoting emotional resilience, you help students develop the skills they need to process their feelings and engage with the world around them in a thoughtful, informed manner. Remember, the goal is not to sway political opinions but to empower students to understand and manage their emotions, learn to navigate conflicting information, and become more confident in their ability to form their own opinions based on reliable, factual information. Together, we can guide our students through these transitions, ensuring that they emerge not only informed but also resilient and compassionate citizens.
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